This water can then be cycled up 2 to 6 cycles to obtain the following stability indices. Cooling towers and heat exchangers that use cooling tower water form a cooling water system. The first of these, the directcontact or open cooling tower figure 3, ex poses water directly to the cooling atmosphere, thereby transferring the source heat load directly to the air. This evaporative cooling design guidelines manual for new mexico schools and commercial. There is a clear business case for inlet cooling technologies as power augmentation options. Air will pass through wet media and water absorbs the heat from the air and evaporates. Annette dwyer munters corporation asme turbo expo 2011. Explain how the quality of cooling tower water affects the operation of the heat exchangers high ph scale, water is low ph it can carrode, dirty water can foul it.
Evaporative cooling unit bolted to the incoming air face of the filter house. The direct consequence of cooling the turbine inlet air is. Following are the two type of cooling system for engine. The worlds most costeffective gas turbine power augmentation system. What inlet cooling can or cannot do turbomachinery. For residential applications, direct systems are by far in the most commonly used technology. Water evaporative cooling walls represent a very powerful technology for. Evaporative cooling code compliance brief building. Background evaporative condensers came into common use for nearly all refrigeration systems because of their operating advantages over the combination of cooling towers and condensers. In direct systems, outside air is drawn across media that is continually saturated with water. Evaporative cooling design guidelines ced engineering. The cooled air then enters a compressor where it gets compressed. The heat from the nuclear core flows into water cooling systems. The following water quality is established for evaporative cooler water makeup.
On hot days, the gas turbine output can reduce 1020%. The system will cool compressor intake air through humidification, raising relative humidity and lowering the inlet temperature. With limitations on water availability and the importance of water quality, closedloop, evaporative cooling systems can be a costeffective technology for both heat transfer and water. In some countries the energy sector accounts for even high percentage of water withdrawals. One such method utilizes evaporative cooling technology to cool the inlet air to the gas turbine. With electricity bills rising, evaporative air conditioning delivers whole of home cooling that is significantly cheaper to install and significantly cheaper to run than standard ducted refrigerated air conditioning systems that usually operate as a zoned system. It is essential to provide the required amount of ventilation for your evaporative cooling system to function properly by opening windowsdoors whenever the cooler is operating. Demin water is used for foggers, cooling water makeup type water for evaps. Pdf improvement of evaporative cooling system efficiency. Hybrid systems turbine inlet cooling technologies webinar schedule all webinars start at 1 pm u. Tecsareco evaporative coolers and turbine ventilators. Meefog gas turbine cooling systems increase power output, minimize fuel consumption and reduce nox emissions. The air system is used in the engines of motorcycles, scooters, aeroplanes and other stationary installations.
An inlet air cooling system offers one of the most costeffective ways to improve gas turbine performance during the peak hours of hot summer months. The heat exchange fill is in a layer above the cold air inlet at the base. Closedloop, evaporative cooling systems can save water. Evaporative cooling technology for vancouver final notes. And you may be surprised to learn that there is much more to these cooling towers than you ever knew. This energy is rejected to the atmosphere via cooling towers or directly to the. Cooling towers two types are commonly used, concrete natural draught towers and mechanical draught towers. Evaporative cooling technology for gas turbine inlet cooling presented by. Munters evaporative cooling gtec systems increase power output for gas turbines, power plants and diesel engines. The increased importance of evaporative coolers for gas turbine. Types of cooling system in engine working and advantages. Evaporativecooling air conditioning systems use the cooling effect of the. The major components of a closed cycle wet cooling water system are. It is a function of the power plants cooling system.
Here is a more detailed description of the two cooling technologies, as they are used in power production. The evaporative cooling system provides a power output and efficiency increase for sites with high ambient temperatures and low relative humidity. Purushothama, in humidification and ventilation management. In evaporative cooling, shower like nozzles create a curtain of water, and an air stream is sent through the water curtain to cool the air. Cooling system type parameter a represents the required water withdrawal or consumption per unit of waste heat that has to be rejected. A single bank of evaporative cooling media made of corrugated layers of fibrous material, allowing minimal air pressure loss. Technical background research on evaporative air conditioners and feasibility of rating their water consumption department of agriculture and water resources 1 executive summary the installation of mechanical air conditioning appliances is gradually becoming a normal requirement in almost all new and existing australian dwellings. The intake air will have a higher relative humidity and lower temperature. This fog then provides cooling when it evaporates in the air inlet duct of the gas turbine. Evaporative cooler an overview sciencedirect topics. Evaporative cooling differs from typical air conditioning systems, which use vaporcompression or absorption refrigeration cycles. An inlet air cooling system installed in a desertdry area to increase turbine power output. Types of evaporative coolers direct evaporative coolers use a fan to pull outside air through media pads that are kept.
Typical temperature flows upstream and downstream of evaporative cooler. There are several types of evaporative coolers including the following. The amount of cooling available from any type of cooling system is dependent on the outside weather conditions. Turbine inlet air cooling is a group of technologies and techniques consisting of cooling down the intake air of the gas turbine. They, of course, have also replaced the old once through water cooled condensing systems which are obsolete today. This energy is rejected to the atmosphere via cooling. This manual is also intended as an overview of evaporative cooling principles and equipment for the nontechnical reader, with technical terms shown in bold print and defined in the glossary. Cooling water systems should be designed and operated with consideration of all the cooling system components because of the interactions between cooling water networks and the cooling. Combustion turbine inlet cooling using direct evaporative. Evaporative cooling uses the fact that water will absorb a relatively large amount of heat in. In this type of system the air temperature can be lowered to match the wet. Advantages of evaporative cooling systems proven technology with more than 2,000 installations since 1975 low water usage high system efficiency.
This chapter provides general background information on the types of closedcycle cooling systems their function and some secondary effects of their use as a retrofit technology. York when youre selecting a liquid chiller for a turbine inletairchilling tiac system, consider york. Cooling towers might be one of the most crucial parts of any industrial process. The evaporative cooling system will cool compressor intake air through humidification. When warm, dry unsaturated air is pulled through a water soaked pad, water is evaporated and is absorbed as water vapor into the air. The tmy2 data sets and manual were produced by the national renewable energy laboratorys nrels. Evaporative cooling vs mechanical chilling stellar. If you use demin water in an evaporative cooler, then your entire inlet duct had better be constructed of stainless steel or plastic. Evaporative cooling design guidelines manual iii evaporative cooling design guidelines manual for new mexico schools and commercial buildings principal investigator. Air cooled system is generally used in small engines say up to 1520 kw. Evaporative cooling is a process which takes advantage of the latent heat of evaporation of water to absorb sensible heat from the surrounding air with which it is in contact. Your evaporative cooler works best on hot, dry days. The spec for our evap cooler circulating water is given below. Energy recovery in cooling water system by hydro turbines.
An evaporative cooler also swamp cooler, swamp box, desert cooler and wet air cooler is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water. Purchasing a new system there are some key things to consider when purchasing a new evaporative air cooler or system. In order to ensure the secure and stable operation of wind turbine, effective cooling mea. Fan and pad greenhouse evaporative cooling systems 3 area covered by plants, and floor material i. Direct inlet fogging is a type of evaporative cooling method, where demineralized water is converted into a fog by means of highpressure nozzles operating at 1,0003,000 psi 67200 bar. Pdf studying the role played by evaporative cooler on the. Water quality for turbine inlet cooling using evaporative. Some ways to make your evaporative air cooling system more water and energy efficient are listed in this guide.
Evaporative cooling can achieve 95% cooling efficiency, with high efficiency evaporative cooling media precoolers increasing the combustion air density by reducing the combustion air temperature. Meefog humidification systems have been applied to a wide variety of commercial buildings, including, office buildings, labs, museums, and data centers. In this type of evaporative cooler, the evaporating medium is a saturated. An evaporative cooling system for turbine inlet air is a useful option for installations where high ambient temperatures and low relative humidity are common. Concrete natural draught towers have a large concrete shell. Typically, every 1 of rise of ambient air temperature reduces the gas turbine output by approximately 0.
Renowned for their robust design and high efficiency, alfa laval niagara wsacs are used in a large number of demanding industries. Ducted evaporative air conditioning is the best way for your family to enjoy summer and cool your whole home on hot summer days. Wind turbine cooling technologies 617 3 current wind turbine cooling systems as has been mentioned above, in the operation of wind turbine, the gearbox, generator and control system will produce a large amount of heat 11. The cooling system or the circulating water system provides a continuous supply of cooling water to the main condenser to remove the heat rejected by the turbine and auxiliary systems e. The munters solution because large amounts of air are required to operate gas turbines, the power output and fuel consumption of a gas turbine generator are highly dependent upon mass flow, quality and ambient temperature of the air drawn into the. Estimated cooling load for the proposed inlet air cooling is 679. A schematic and system illustration of indirectdirect evaporative cooling system is shown in figure 9. Course contents evaporative coolers, often called swamp coolers, are cooling systems that use only water and a blower to circulate air. The roof configuration can also influence the temperature increase. Evaporative cooling is also used to cool nuclear power plants. The theory and operation of evaporative coolers for. Many households use conventional cooling systems as a backup to their evaporative cooling systems during these periods. In general, there are three types of evaporative cooling systems. Evaporative cooling increases gas turbine power output.
There are two basic types of evaporative air coolers eacs used to cool new mexico schools and. In 2010, water use for energy production accounted for 583 billion cubic meters 15% of the worlds water withdrawals. The basic principle of evaporative cooling is that as water. These tall, opentopped, cylindrical structures are responsible for cooling water generated from industrial or hvac comfort cooling process. This system increases the generated power by a gas turbine in hot and dry weather. Electric power represents one of the largest uses of water globally. A simple model to help understand water use at power plants. Inlet air cooling systems improve gas turbine performance. Understanding the different types of cooling towers. Pdf comparison of different gas turbine inlet air cooling methods. At the heart of a meefog inlet air fogging system is the highly engineered and precise meefog nozzle, which atomizes water into billions of microfine droplets below 10 microns in size.
Evaporative cooling of gas turbine engines mee industries, inc. Evaporative cooling an overview sciencedirect topics. Depending on the climatic conditions and the application, combining indirect and direct. Types of cooling towers two basic types of evaporative cooling devices are used. Direct inlet fogging is a type of evaporative cooling method where demineralized water is converted into a fog by means of hp nozzles operating at 3000 psi 67207 bar. Evaporative cooling technology for gas turbine inlet cooling.